Compare and contrast jewish zionism and hindu nationalism’ response to their respective encounters with modernity.

Examine Jewish Zionism and Hindu nationalism and how modernity has shaped both movements, but their responses have been different. My introduction will define religion from page 14 and briefly describe Judaism and Hinduism. Next, I will explain how Jewish Zionism emerged as a response to the modern challenges faced by Jews in Europe, such as anti-Semitism and nationalism, and sought to create a Jewish state that could protect and promote Jewish culture and identity in the modern world on page 202. In contrast, Hindu nationalism emerged as a response to the challenges of colonialism and the perceived threats posed by religious minorities. It sought to create a Hindu state to promote Hindu culture and identity in response to the perceived erosion of traditional values and practices under colonialism on pages 73-75.