No any outside resources just the book that I am going to provide in the bottom section, and I am also going to include sample essay, and instruction as a pdf file Named short essayNamed short essay, make sure the essay is supported and probably cited “text -citation” from the section of the book that I am going to provide don’t worry about the page number I will search it in the book and add it. No AI plz
“The Significance of the Frontier in American History was a controversial essay written by Frederick Turner in 1893. Chicago hosted the 400th anniversary to Columbus’s voyage and held an exposition, which Turner spoke at. Turner explained the “availability of land provided a safety valve” (485), and how the west provided opportunities for social mobility. “Turner’s West demanded strength and nerve” (485), and his thesis ignored truths that had occurred. The West was never free, and the settlers forcibly removed natives from their homes. Turner left out the environmental issues caused by mining, railroads and barbed wire. Turner’s thesis also did not include the urban commercialization and mechanization of agriculture. People realized Turner’s “rugged white frontiersman” (489) masked any diversity and inclusion of women. The Frontier essay read like a call to imperialism and marked a turning point in our country’s history. As our expansion would now halt, how would we progress as new problems come forth such as ethnic and racial issues as well as labor exploitation. However, it can also be seen that Turner’s essay helped shape individualism and formed the idea of a melting pot of cultures that immigrated and expanded west. The essay written by Turner would serve as a turning point where the lifestyle of the frontier would begin it’s shift to an industrial era.”
And another example:
“Social Darwinism was a business view point of Charles Darwin’s theory which implies the “survival of the fittest.” As John D. Rockefeller Jr.’s once said comparing it to an American rose, ““pruning the early buds that grew up around it.” The elimination of competition, he declared, was “merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.” (Roark & Johnson & Cohen & Stage & Hartmann 525) This theory was developed and made popular by Herbert Spencer and William Graham. “The Social Darwinists insisted that social progress came about as a result of relentless competition in which the strong survived and the weak died out.” (Roark & Johnson & Cohen & Stage & Hartmann 530) This led to the idea that any rich person that aided the poor was slowing down the evolution of business and wealth. This encouraged the economic theory of laissez-faire meaning “let it alone” in French. “During the 1880s and 1890s, the court increasingly reinterpreted the Constitution, judging corporations to be “persons” in order to protect business from taxation, regulation, labor organization, and antitrust legislation.” (Roark & Johnson & Cohen & Stage & Hartmann 525) As a result “The dominant creed of laissez-faire, coupled with the dictates of social Darwinism, warned the presidents and the government to leave business alone (except when they were working in its best interests). Still, presidents in the Gilded Age grappled with corruption and party strife, and they struggled toward the creation of new political ethics designed to replace patronage with civil service system that promised to award jobs on the merit, not party loyalty.” (Roark & Johnson & Cohen & Stage & Hartmann 533-534)”
And the last response:
“The American Federation of Labor was a labor union, initially established by Samuel Gompers under the original name “Organized Trades and Labor Unions” in 1881. It was not until 1886 that the labor union took on the name “American Federation of Labor (AFL)” (Roark 566). Samuel Gompers’s objective for the AFL was to, “achieve immediate benefits for skilled workers,” Gompers’s tactics to bring attention to the unions needs was to, “Organize skilled workers such as machinists and locomotive engineers — those with the most bargaining power – and use strikes to gain immediate objectives such as higher pay and better working conditions” (Roark 564). Though in the eyes of other unionists Gompers’ plan did not satisfy many of their needs, instead many turned to the “Knights of Labor,” the first mass organization holding 730,000 members to AFL’s 138,000, Roark writes (566). In a turn of events, the events at Haymarket served as a turning point for the AFL as many activists turned out to fight for the eight-hour workday. Roark includes that Samuel Gompers was supposed to lead the unionists though he, “privately urged the AFL assemblies not to participate in the general strike” (565). A decision that would come to pay off for the AFL as chaos at Haymarket ensued when, “someone threw a bomb into the police ranks. After a moment of stunned silence, the police drew their revolvers and fired, shooting many of their own in the chaos (Roark 566). The events at Haymarket lead to the Knights of Labor movement being discredited, which in turn, “many skilled workers turned to AFL” (Roark 566). With the labor union’s history of radical activism, the AFL served as a more conservative union to allow the skilled workers to still fight for their needs.”