I
can provide literature for literature review and access to database (integrum)
Please,
do not use any artificial intelligence like ChatGPT and so on – professors can
reveal usage of such sources easily
The
purpose of the study is to examine, through the use of discourse analysis, how
from 2012 to 2021 the Russian political opposition reacts and changes its
agenda on the media platforms of the Internet to the state discourse of
political non-participation of opposition-minded groups, as well as state
violence regarding this issue. A brief sequence of steps for implementing the
study is given, outlining the scope of a study and its’ relevance. A concise
literature review and the formation of a theoretical framework are outlined to
further deepen and develop the trajectory of the thesis. A brief conclusion of
this descriptive and constructivist research: indeed, the policy of tightening
measures and violence discourse against opposition participation leads to a
split among the opposition and their further disintegration due to their
commitment to different ideas, and can also change the discourse on how to
continue or not to continue participating in the current political environment,
especially the split and change of course can be observed among the
non-systemic liberal oppositionists.
Background. The Russian political opposition
became active again during the relative liberalization of the regime in
2011-2012, seeing opportunities to advance its agenda and influence the
authorities (Gel’man, 2015). However, after the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s
third presidential term in 2012, opportunities for opposition participation
began to narrow and become more complicated, both at the legislative level and
at the level of actions to suppress the participation of opposition-minded
citizens, using repression and political violence.
Problem Statement.
RQ: How state
violence (repressions) and discourses on non-participation shape Russian
opposition’ perception of political participation and internal split among
itself?
This
thesis strives to produce the following sequence of steps necessary to find an
answer to the question posed.
The
first step is to formulate the relevance of the study and
review the existing literature – how Russian opposition tried to function and take
actions during 2000s while Russia was becoming gradually an authoritarian state
– how the Russian opposition tried to cooperate with each other. Do not
devote that much time on that – please make focus on same issues but in 2010s and
2020, 2021 years. Review both liberal opposition and right-wing opposition
(usually they are perceived as extremists and nationalists/traditionalists).
Review how Russian state has been gradually imposing state repression and violence
towards any political resistance and opposition.
You
need to conceptualize (give a definition to the concept – how different
scholars view it): Russian opposition, political non-participation, state violence
and repression – in general and in the Russian political context
Literature review includes: show how the topic is discussed in academia –
approaches to the given topic (methodological and theorethical), agreements and
disagreements about the topic between scholars (political scientists)
Second step: elaborate a theory
for a thesis – how the theory of securitization (Barry Buzan, Ole Waever – the
founders of this theory; Therry Balzacq – main contributor to the development
of this theory – please trace how the theory was challenged/developed) can be
applied to the topic – how Russian opposition tries to securitize state (this is
the case of internal securitization). In out topic we will look at the opposition
as a securitizing actor, who tries to securitize a Russian state repression and
political regime, however, they are not able to do so because they do not have enough
capacity since a Russian state closes all ways for resistance or persuades citizens
not to participate in protest action and stay silent at all if they oppose the
existing regime. Because of the Russian state all mentioned actions, the opposition
1) is not able to conduct securitization; 2) splits more among itself –
liberals are against the right wing and there are also internal splits within
the movements regarding how to react to the Russian state violence and
discourses on non-participation – this is the main assumption or hypothesis of
the thesis.
The
third step includes description of methodology (this will
be a discourse analysis) and how this is going to be used for the empirical
research.
The
fourth step is the research. I WILL DO ON MY OWN – YOU DO NOT NEED TO WRITE IT
FURTHER.
The
data source will be personal blogs (YouTube channels, written posts in social
media such as Facebook, VK, Telegram, Instagram, personal webpages of
oppositioners, etc). However, the main source will be the German database
“Integrum”, where media sources are collected in a one place and it allows to
search necessary speech acts in a more convenient way.
The
final steps are analyses of chosen speech acts and correlation with the
formulated assumption. Perspectives of how to apply the findings will be
suggested in the thesis work as well as conclusion. Conclusion is included
also.