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Apa 7th edition references
Introduction- History behind issue, why important to consider in policing, definitions, development or change of the topic area chosen.
Main body 1- Critically discuss why the issue needs consideration / what are the issues and perception of your issue, with consideration as applicable of public and policing perspective, why could this be perceived as an issue and any relevant code of ethics or professional standards.
Main body 2- Utilise case studies, referring as appropriate to professional standards / code of ethics/ current policies, what factors were present at the time which may have contributed to the situation, effect on public and police officers’ perception, public enquiries, legislation, accountability, and procedural changes.
Throughout, bringing in relevant theory.
Conclusion- Summarising your research into your topic area and the subsequent effects it has had on Policing. Critically evaluate your findings and recommendations to reinforce the continued development or change.
Bartkowiak-Theron, I., & Asquith, N. (2015). Policing Diversity and Vulnerability I the Post-Macpherson Era: Unintended Consequences and Missed Opportunities. Policing: A journal of policy and practice, 9(1), 89-100. DOI: 10.1093/police/pau038
College of Policing (2014). Code of ethics. https://www.college.police.uk/ethics/code-of-ethics
College of Policing (2022). Review of the Code of ethics: Scope.
Cox, C., & Kirby, S. (2018). Can higher education reduce th3 negative consequences of police occupational culture amongst new recruits. Policing: an international journal of police strategies & management, 41(5), 550-562. DOI: 10.1108/PIJPSM-10-2016-0154
Emsley, C. (2013). The future of policing. Routledge.
Gottschalk, P., Dean, G., & Glomseth, R. (2012). Police misconduct and crime: bad apples or systems failure? Journal of money laundering control, 15(1), 6-24. DOI: 10.1108/13685201211194709
Hitchcock, T. (2012, April 24). Policing. London Lives 1690 to 1800 – Crime, Poverty and Social Policy in the Metropolis. https://www.londonlives.org/static/Policing.jsp
Lentz, S., & Chaires, R. (2007). The invention of Peel’s principles: A study of policing ‘textbook’ history. Journal of criminal justice, 35(1), 69-79. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2006.11.016
Macpherson, W. (1999). The Stephen Lawrence inquiry : report of an inquiry by Sir William Macpherson of Cluny : presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department by command of Majesty, February 1999. Stationery Office.
Nix, J., Pickett, J., & Mitchell, R. (2019). Compliance, noncompliance and the in-between: causal effects of civilian demeanor on police officers’ cognitions and emotions. Journal of experimental criminology, 15(1), 611-639. DOI: 10.1007/s11292-019-09363-4
Noordegraaf, M. (2007). From “Pure” to “Hybrid” Professionalism: Present-day professionalism in ambiguous public domains. Administration & society, 39(6), 761-785. DOI: 10.1177/0095399707304434
Porter, L., & Prenzler, T. (2012). Police oversight in the United Kingdom: The balance of independence and collaboration. International journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 40(3), 152-171. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlcj.2012.03.001
Priest, S. (2017). What is professionalism? Why does it matter? Info nursing, 48(2). https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=tasc&id=GALE%7CA530106886&v=2.1&it=r
Ramshaw, P., & Soppitt, S. (2018). Educating the recruited and recruiting the educated: Can the new Police Education Qualifications Framework in England and Wales succeed where others have faltered. International journal of police science & management, 20(4), 243-250. DOI: 10.1177.1461355718814850
Rogers, C., & Gravelle, J. (2020). Implementing a Police Foundation Degree – Insights from South Wales. Policing: a journal of policy and practice, 14(2), 349-361. DOI: 10.1093/police/paz028
Rosenfeld, R., Johnson, T., & Wright, R. (2018). Are college-educated police officers different? A study of stops, searches and arrests. Department of criminal justice and criminology, 31, 206-236.
Shrikant, N., & Sambaraju, R. (2021). ‘A police officer shot a black man’: Racial categorization, racism and mundane culpability in news reports of police shootings of black people in the Unite States of America. British Journal of Social Psychology, 60(1), 1196-1217. DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12490
Taylor, H. (1999). Forging the job. British journal of criminology, 39(1). 113-135.
Westmarland, L., & Rowe, M. (2018). Police ethics and integrity: can a new code overturn the blue code? Policing & society, 28(7), 854-870. DOI: 10/1080/10439463.2016.1262365
Williams, E., Norman, J., Rowe, M. (2019). The police education qualification framework: a professional agenda or building professionals? Police practice and research, 20(3), 259-272. DOI: 10.1080/15614263.2019.1598070
Williams, B., Brower, R., & Klay, W. (2016). Community-centred police professionalism: A template for reflective professionals and learning organisations with implications for the co-production of public safety and public order. The police journal, 89(2), 151-172. DOI: 10.1177/0032258X16642449