Research question: How do only child individuals act in social situations dominated by siblings?
Write a 3-4 page literature review that will lead to the research questions for your semester research project. A literature review is an examination of the published work by researchers and scholars on a given topic. A literature review should synthesize the information from the existing literature and organize it in a meaningful way. It is not a separate summary of each source or article (it is different from an annotated bibliography). Additionally, a literature review should offer a critique of the existing literature, such as by discussing the strengths and weaknesses as well as areas that are in need of further investigation.
In this assignment, you will review a minimum of 6 articles that relate to your proposed topic. Articles should be published after 2012 and should be from a peer-reviewed journal. At least 3 of your sources need to be from a Communication journal. Please talk to me if you’re having trouble with this before giving up! You will then need to synthesize the articles, focusing on the major findings. You must carefully read the entirety of each article, but you should focus especially on the Discussion section. Please note my use of the word synthesize. I do not want a separate summary of each article; rather, I want you to present an overall picture of what you have learned from studying a small body of literature on this particular aspect of our everyday communication. Some questions that may be useful to think about are: What questions is the research trying to answer? What connections or similarities do you see between these studies? What contexts were examined? Are the findings consistent with each other? How are the studies different? The paper should be separated into 3-5 themed sections that include information from the articles and reference multiple authors if they share similar information
An important part of every literature review is a critique of the literature. You should consider what the studies that you reviewed did well and what was limiting about the studies you reviewed. It is often helpful to carefully review the Method section when critiquing the literature. You can also think about gaps in the research overall when constructing your critique. Your critique of the literature will be a separate, labeled section and will lead up to a rationale and research question(s) for your semester project. The research question should be open-ended and follow guidelines discussed in class.
This assignment should conform to APA format 7th edition—which means that you must use in-text citations. You need to provide a reference list and you need to appropriately cite all sources using APA format. Please note that you need to put the material into your own words. One or two direct quotes are okay, but only when completely necessary and cited correctly.
Asking yourself the following questions will be helpful:
Did you use at least 6 of the appropriate sources?
Did you effectively synthesize the research findings in your literature review?
Did you put the material into your own words? Did you limit your use of direct quotes to one or two?
Did you offer your own critique(s) of the literature?
Did you carefully proofread your paper for stylistic and grammatical errors?
Did you appropriately cite all references according to APA style, 7th edition? Did you include a reference list?
These are the only 6 sources that should be used: (Please let me know immediately if you have trouble accessing these articles and I will try to send you the PDF versions):
https://doi.org/10.2307/1130591
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2019.103868
https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.100.2.176
https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2020.1829610
https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407502193001
https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.2007.35.1.85
Attached below is an example made by my professor on how our literature review should look, so please use this as an example.
Literature Review
Researchers have attempted to understand what makes group members stick in college classrooms (Kahlow, Klecka, & Ruppel, 2020; Ladegaard & Cheng, 2014; Maguire & Keceli, 2023; Manata & Bozeman, 2022; Myers, 2012) and the workplace (Kuhn & Poole, 2000; (Meng, Fulk, & Yuan, 2015; Susskind & Odom-Reed, 2016; Walker & Daniels, 2019). These studies have looked at phenomena such as cohesion, individual choice, and satisfaction. Much more needs to be understood about group conflict. Our review of the literature revealed four overarching themes: a) Identity Development and Group Cohesion; b) Conflict’s Effect on Group Outcomes; and c) Individual vs. Group Conflict Management; and d) Individual Choice in Membership Selection. These themes are further explored below.
Identity Development and Group Cohesion
Individuals who share a strong sense of self and shared identity are more likely to feel a better sense of belonging in a group which leads to a low chance of inter-group conflicts (Kahlow, Klecka, & Ruppel, 2020; Ladegaard & Cheng, 2014; Maguire & Keceli, 2023).
The article by Ladegaard and Cheng examined how university students in Hong Kong view themselves in regards to stereotypes and identity. The study found that the students had positive stereotypes before the study, but at the end of the study it led to negative stereotypes towards other groups. This study shows that Universities need to have an anti racist course to prevent intergroup prejudice and potential conflict. Overall, the study highlights the different dynamics that are involved in constructing a group with different identities and stereotypes. This study found that attitudes and stereotypes expressed in group situations are dependent on context and situation. In research done comparing face to face group work and virtual group work researchers concluded that online groups have certain advantages. They found that online groups are more adaptive and responsive compared to face to face groups. However researchers also found that online groups have a higher chance of conflict. They also found ways to alleviate these possible moments of stress by identifying roles, clear organization, confirming comfortability for all members, trust and respect (Kahlow, Klecka, & Ruppel, 2020). Diversity in groups does not affect the cohesiveness of the groups when put into either instructor-assign groups nor student-made groups. The diversity within a given group actually has positive effects on group cohesion even when the individuals of the group have an independent sense of self outside of group work as well as a still an understanding of the important aspects shared by those within a given group (Ladegaard & Cheng, 2014; Maguire & Keceli, 2023).
Conflict’s Effect on Group Outcomes
In group settings the dynamics of differing perspectives from individuals may cause conflict to arise. These conflicts have a negative impact on the relationships among individuals, and there are various management styles that improve the effectiveness in managing decision making in a group setting (Kuhn & Poole, 2006; Meng et al., 2013). Increased reports of cohesion were found to positively affect the group’s overall performance, and group conflict predicts group cohesion (Manata & Bozeman, 2022; Susskind & Odom-Reed, 2016). Groups found that effectiveness was higher and conflict was lower when they were able to choose who they worked with, and team members who are unattached to their group mates have less of a cohesive group, with worse outcomes (Meyers, 2012; Susskind & Odom-Reed, 2016).
Individual vs. Group Conflict Management
It is important to be able to establish the different individual behaviors in group settings as they are crucial to understanding how one might handle a conflict presented within a group. One study found that groups that interacted in face to face meetings functioned better than groups that met in online or hybrid settings (Kahlow, Klecka, & Ruppel, 2020). Similarly, a study from 2000 found that groups that practiced integrative conflict management styles were more effective at managing said conflict than other groups (Kuhn & Poole, 2000). Individual behaviors play a role in how they tend to manage emotions when conflicts within groups arise (Kuhn & Poole, 2000; Meng, Fulk & Yuan, 2015). Research has also shown that group norms play a role in the willingness and wanting to complete specific tasks at hand (Kahlow, Klecka, & Ruppel, 2020; Kuhn & Poole, 2000; Meng, Fulk & Yuan, 2015). With these group norms, it allows for group members to handle task conflict if it arises (Kahlow, Klecka, & Ruppel, 2020; Kuhn & Poole, 2000; Meng, Fulk & Yuan, 2015).
Research suggests there is a correlation between the difficulty of the task and the conflict management style (Kuhn & Poole, 2000; Meng, Fulk & Yuan, 2015). Groups with high levels of task difficulty used an integrative style while the groups with a low level of task difficulty used non integrative methods. Team-level task conflict has a positive influence on individual information seeking, so individuals in high task conflict teams are more likely to seek information from one another (Kuhn & Poole, 2000; Meng, Fulk & Yuan, 2015).
Individual Choice in Membership Selection
Individual choice of members in a group project can have a great impact on the overall success of a group project (Maguire & Keceli, 2023; Myers, 2012). One study concluded that instructor assigned teams did not have a significant impact on conflict or cohesiveness. (Maguire & Keceli, 2023).
Research has also shown that groups that select their own members report higher levels of group relational satisfaction (Maguire & Keceli, 2023; Myers, 2012). However, some conflicts were found in self-selected groups that did not appear in instructor-assigned groups. It was reported that there were higher levels of conflict over meeting times specifically in student-selected groups, whereas instructor-assigned groups reported no such conflict. (Maguire & Keceli, 2023). Students that are placed in work groups by their instructors or by random selection are more likely to yield positive results that deduces group conflict and increases effective learning (Maguire & Keceli, 2023; Myers, 2012). Students are most likely to self-select group partners that they have a pre-established relationship with and who they view as a “good� student who will contribute work (Maguire & Keceli, 2023; Myers, 2012).
Gaps/Critiques
Despite the wealth of information about group formation and cohesion, much is unexplained about the topic of conflict negotiation in college classroom project groups. For example…
Therefore, this study seeks to fill these gaps by asking: How do college students manage conflict during group assignments?
Research question: How do only child individuals act in social situations dominated by siblings?
Write a 3-4 page literature review that will lead to the research questions for your semester research project. A literature review is an examination of the published work by researchers and scholars on a given topic. A literature review should synthesize the information from the existing literature and organize it in a meaningful way. It is not a separate summary of each source or article (it is different from an annotated bibliography). Additionally, a literature review should offer a critique of the existing literature, such as by discussing the strengths and weaknesses as well as areas that are in need of further investigation.
In this assignment, you will review a minimum of 6 articles that relate to your proposed topic. Articles should be published after 2012 and should be from a peer-reviewed journal. At least 3 of your sources need to be from a Communication journal. Please talk to me if you’re having trouble with this before giving up! You will then need to synthesize the articles, focusing on the major findings. You must carefully read the entirety of each article, but you should focus especially on the Discussion section. Please note my use of the word synthesize. I do not want a separate summary of each article; rather, I want you to present an overall picture of what you have learned from studying a small body of literature on this particular aspect of our everyday communication. Some questions that may be useful to think about are: What questions is the research trying to answer? What connections or similarities do you see between these studies? What contexts were examined? Are the findings consistent with each other? How are the studies different? The paper should be separated into 3-5 themed sections that include information from the articles and reference multiple authors if they share similar information
An important part of every literature review is a critique of the literature. You should consider what the studies that you reviewed did well and what was limiting about the studies you reviewed. It is often helpful to carefully review the Method section when critiquing the literature. You can also think about gaps in the research overall when constructing your critique. Your critique of the literature will be a separate, labeled section and will lead up to a rationale and research question(s) for your semester project. The research question should be open-ended and follow guidelines discussed in class.
This assignment should conform to APA format 7th edition—which means that you must use in-text citations. You need to provide a reference list and you need to appropriately cite all sources using APA format. Please note that you need to put the material into your own words. One or two direct quotes are okay, but only when completely necessary and cited correctly.
Asking yourself the following questions will be helpful:
Did you use at least 6 of the appropriate sources?
Did you effectively synthesize the research findings in your literature review?
Did you put the material into your own words? Did you limit your use of direct quotes to one or two?
Did you offer your own critique(s) of the literature?
Did you carefully proofread your paper for stylistic and grammatical errors?
Did you appropriately cite all references according to APA style, 7th edition? Did you include a reference list?
These are the only 6 sources that should be used: (Please let me know immediately if you have trouble accessing these articles and I will try to send you the PDF versions):
https://doi.org/10.2307/1130591
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2019.103868
https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.100.2.176
https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2020.1829610
https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407502193001
https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.2007.35.1.85
Attached below is an example made by my professor on how our literature review should look, so please use this as an example.