This is a research paper at Batcholers level. I require a 7000 work research paper based on ‘The effectiveness of different SuDS at controlling peak surface water run off rates where surface wate infiltration is not possible’. I can provide data that I can collect via testing using virtual hydraulic calculation programs if needed e.g. Microdrainage, Flow. Or if you can use these programs and carry out tests that would be even better. SuDS are sustainable drainage systems.
collecting primary data by using drainage modelling software (PDS Flow) to model different SuDS of the same plan area size (m2), under the same drainage conditions including site size, location and drainage network. Using the drainage modelling programme an analysis of the results of each SuDS under different storm simulations can be undertaken to compare the effectiveness of controlling surface water run off rates.
Research paper should include hydro graphs which show the discharge rates and any case studies which can be found (not sure if there is any).
Paper needs to reflect on the research that has been undertaken.
Project proposal:
Aim:
The aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness of different types of SuDS (Sustainable Drainage Systems) at controlling peak surface water run off rates when infiltration is not possible on sites using primary and secondary data, which can help in developing effective decision framework regarding SuDS selection based on surface water run off rate requirements for developments.
Objectives:
• To use case studies to identify which SuDS are the most commonly used on sites in the UK where infiltration is not possible to reduce peak surface water run off rates so that these SuDS can be analysed in depth.
• Analyse the SuDS identified in the first objectives using drainage modelling software (PDS Flow) under the same storm conditions and scenarios to quantify the effectiveness of the SuDS at controlling peak surface water run of rates.
• To assess the SuDS effectiveness of controlling peak surface water run off rates based on the Primary and secondary data found and produced, including tables, graphs and figures in order to develop framework for SuDS selection for developments.
2.Background
SuDS are ‘Sustainable drainage systems’ which are becoming increasingly more used throughout the UK and rest of the world to control surface water flooding and pollution. With SuDS being more widely adopted this has led to lots of quantitative research being undertaken on the performance of different SuDS in terms of pollution prevention and flood prevention through infiltration. (Woods Ballard, 2015) This has been fed into the framework for decision making for SuDS selection as it provides SuDS performance data (Figure 1).
Whereas research has been undertaken into calculating the required run off rates for sites which is normally assumed to be within 5 – 12l/s (Shaffer, 2009) , there is a gap in the existing studies providing quantitative research into performance of the effectiveness of SuDS in controlling surface water run off rates. Providing research on this area where primary data can be collected performance data can be collected. This could be vital research that could feed into the decision framework for SuDS selection for future development to ensure correct SuDS are being used where needed.
Looking at previous research undertaken it is anticipated that an effective SuDS runoff hydrograph will look similar to what is shown in (Figure 2) (Woods Ballard, 2015), although what should be observed is that the SuDS that are better at controlling surface water run off will have a lower post development discharge rate. This means that the red line on the graph would reduce in the Y direction but extend in the X direction.
Research has also shown that SuDS have multiple benefits. As well as delivering high quality drainage whilst supporting areas to cope better with severe rainfall by controlling run off rates, SuDS can also improve the quality of life in developments and urban spaces by making them more vibrant, visually attractive, sustainable, and resilient to change by improving urban air quality, regulating building temperatures, reducing noise and delivering recreation and education opportunities (Susdrain, 2022). The result of this research is to feed into the framework that links into the decision making process when selecting SuDS to use alongside the framework that considers all these benefits together.
Figure 1 (Woods Ballard, 2015)
Note: SuDS Performance data in reducing runoff contamination
Figure 2 (Woods Ballard, 2015)
Note: Typical surface water runoff hydrograph for sites using SuDS
3.Approach and Programme
To assess the effectiveness of different SuDS at controlling surface water run off rates, research will be undertaken to compile secondary data from case studies and collect quantitative results where possible from the performance of SuDS, although this is not the primary research method it will provide data to compare the primary data to and assess if there are trends in both sets of data. The case studies will also provide data on the most used SuDS to analyse using drainage modelling software.
I will also be collecting primary data by using drainage modelling software (PDS Flow) to model different SuDS identified in case studies under the same drainage conditions including site size, location and drainage network. Using the drainage modelling programme an analysis of the results of each SuDS under different storm simulations can be undertaken to compare the effectiveness of controlling surface water run off rates.