What broad changes have occurred since the introduction of low cost production technology, and digital music consumption?
What impacts on consumer tastes in music in terms of genre and culture have occurred as a result of technology?
And what is the current state of the music industry from a competitive and business perspective?
Discuss barriers to entry from the 1960s to today. Apply Michael Porter’s 5 forces model in this analysis.
How has the top companies in the industry changed over the past 50-60 years and how has technology influenced those changes?
What broad changes have occurred since the introduction of low cost production technology, and digital music consumption?
What impacts on consumer tastes in music in terms of genre and culture have occurred as a result of technology?
And what is the current state of the music industry from a competitive and business perspective?
Discuss barriers to entry from the 1960s to today. Apply Michael Porter’s 5 forces model in this analysis.
How has the top companies in the industry changed over the past 50-60 years and how has technology influenced those changes?
PAPER FORMAT
This template can be used for your term paper by simply deleting the text after each heading. Or you can use any format you are comfortable with as long as it is readable and separated into logical sections as in this example.
Abstract
An abstract is a fifty to two hundred word summary of your paper that appears at the beginning of the paper.
Introduction
The introduction should define the issue you are studying, discuss the history of the topic and state its importance. Applications of the problem can be discussed, and basic examples should be given to illustrate the concepts, using figures if possible. Basic terminology should be defined and explained.
In the introduction, and throughout your paper, it is most important to cite the sources of your information. Sources may include books, magazine or newspaper articles, web sites, and journal articles. Most journal articles will follow a format similar to that espoused in this template, including the manner in which sources are cited and referenced. Journals are excellent sources of information for two main reasons: (1) journals are archived, meaning they are kept in permanent collections in libraries (web sites are an example of sources that are likely not permanent); (2) journal articles are refereed, meaning the information they contain has been read and approved by independent reviewers. To cite a source, you typically use “[ ]” notation. For example, one of the most cited sources in the field of computer science is the text by Garey and Johnson [1]. In this case, Garey and Johnson are the authors. Sometimes, we will omit the authors’ names and just give the citation. For example, a great deal of information NP-completeness can be found in [1]. It is important that you give up-to-date references where possible. That is, if you are writing a paper on the history of the integrated circuit and your most recent reference is 1965, it is likely that you have not done a thorough job of researching your topic.
Background – Expansion of the Introduction (Optional)
In some cases, you may need to divide the introductory material in your paper into two sections. Oftentimes, a second section called the “Background” section is used. In the Background section, additional terms are defined and more historical information, such as previous results and a review of related papers, is given. It is in the Introduction and Background sections that you must ensure that your reader understands the problem and the terminology as well as show the reader that you have done your homework, in terms of your research library work. Note that, today, much of your research and “library work” can be done on the internet. The LIUPost library has electronic access to many journals and databases including the full text of The Wall Street Journal and other publications. Some journals contain survey articles on various topics in information technology (a survey article summarizes the important literature on a topic).
Main Point 1 of the Term Paper (and Main Point 2, 3, etc. in subsequent section headings)
The meat of a paper is contained this and the next section(s), where the main points are stated and explained. More than one section may be used in order to break the paper into logical, readable modules. In a term paper, you will summarize, organize, and synthesize the main points, while citing the sources you used in the Reference section. In general, in a term paper many sources will likely need to be used as research information. This implies you need to choose a topic that is specific enough to cover thoroughly in a short paper. For example, the topic of “algorithms” is certainly too broad to be surveyed in a single paper (unless you are writing what I would call an “overview” paper, aimed at the lay person).
Whenever background data is presented in a paper, it must be presented in an unbiased fashion and in a readable format. Tables and charts are useful to aid the reader. The data must be labeled with its units and care must be paid to the number of significant figures presented. Sample size must be indicated. If you use averages of some values, state this clearly and provide the sample size, i.e., the number items averaged. If you make a conclusion about two or more quantities of data, such as “apples are heavier than oranges,” you need to support this conclusion with a citation or statistical test. Otherwise, you must say something to the effect of:
“Based on our limited observations of fruit grown in Antarctica, it appears that apples are heavier, on average, than oranges. Further study is needed to support this observation.”
If you did experiments in which random numbers were generated, indicate which random number generator was used, as each has its own characteristics.
Summary (or Conclusions)
It is common to include a conclusions section to summarize the content of your paper, discuss future directions, and state any points or conclusions.
References (Examples) – place on separate page
1. M. Garey and D. Johnson, Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness, W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1979
2. L. Lamport, LaTex 2e: A Document Preparation System, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1994
Sometimes you may require one or more appendices, where data, information, or details can be collected that would otherwise make the body of the paper hard to read. As the MBA 620 papers are relatively short, you may not need an appendix.