Compare and Contrast the two works of art shown above. One is a Persian manuscript painting “Timur Granting an Audience on the Occasion of his Succession” by the artist Kamal al-din Behzad, a manuscript painter working during the late Timurid and early Safavid Persian periods. The other is an Italian Renaissance fresco painting “School of Athens” by Raphael. Use the Feldmans Art criticism method synthesizing art elements with design principles in the portion of this essay that describes form.
Note that Kamal al-din Behzad and Raphael lived and worked contemporaneously but in different regions of the world. Kamal al-din Behzad worked in Herat in modern day Afghanistan for the Safavid and Tabriz Princes. He directed the royal manuscript workshop and the royal library, was both a teacher and artist, and instrumental to the development of Tabrīz as a centre of art. Raphael lived and worked in Florence and Rome Italy during a period of great artistic patronage. Raphael’s works were commissioned by powerful princes, rulers and by Pope Julius II. Like many popes of this time, Julius II was both the head of the church and a secular ruler. The fresco painting “School of Athens” was painted on the walls of Julius II papal apartment. Raphael was an innovative and important artist who contributed to the development of the Renaissance style.